9 min read What the Scheduler Does The Kubernetes scheduler is a control plane component with a single job: assign unscheduled pods to […] Read article
9 min read Why Graph Processing Is Hard A social network like Facebook or LinkedIn has billions of nodes (users) and hundreds of […] Read article
7 min read Pipeline Types: Batch, Micro-Batch, and Streaming Data pipelines exist on a spectrum from latency to throughput: Batch ETL: Scheduled Spark […] Read article
6 min read The Consensus Problem Distributed systems need multiple nodes to agree on a single value — which server is the leader, […] Read article
6 min read Why Isolation Levels Exist A database must handle many concurrent transactions at once. The naive solution — run one transaction […] Read article
9 min read Search typeahead (autocomplete) is one of the most latency-sensitive features in any search product. Users expect suggestions to appear within […] Read article
6 min read Real-time leaderboards rank millions of users by score and serve instant rank queries — ranking by score, top-N lists, and […] Read article
9 min read What Is gRPC? gRPC is a high-performance, open-source remote procedure call framework developed by Google. It uses Protocol Buffers (protobuf) […] Read article
7 min read What Is Event Sourcing? In traditional systems, the database stores the current state of an entity. When an order changes […] Read article
9 min read Compare-and-Swap (CAS) Compare-and-Swap is the atomic instruction at the heart of all lock-free algorithms. It takes three operands: a memory […] Read article