⏱ 6 min read Identity Provider: Low-Level Design An identity provider (IdP) is the central authority for authentication in a multi-application ecosystem. It implements […] Read article

⏱ 5 min read Integration Platform: Low-Level Design An integration platform connects disparate systems by providing pluggable connectors, a declarative data mapping engine, a Read article

⏱ 5 min read Webhook Service: Low-Level Design A webhook service enables event-driven integrations by reliably delivering HTTP POST notifications to subscriber endpoints whenever Read article

⏱ 5 min read Translation Service: Low-Level Design A translation service manages the full lifecycle of localizable strings: extraction from source code and content, Read article

⏱ 5 min read Location History Service: Low-Level Design A location history service ingests continuous GPS streams from mobile clients, compresses raw coordinate sequences, Read article

⏱ 6 min read Geofencing Service: Overview and Requirements A geofencing service stores geographic boundary polygons, evaluates whether a given coordinate falls inside any Read article

⏱ 5 min read Tenant Billing Service: Overview and Requirements A tenant billing service meters resource consumption per tenant, applies tiered pricing rules, generates Read article

⏱ 5 min read Multi-Tenant Service: Overview and Requirements A multi-tenant service hosts multiple customers (tenants) on shared infrastructure while providing strong isolation guarantees Read article

⏱ 5 min read Access Log Analyzer: Overview and Requirements An access log analyzer ingests raw HTTP access logs from web servers and CDNs, Read article

⏱ 5 min read DDoS Mitigation Service: Overview and Requirements A DDoS mitigation service absorbs volumetric and application-layer attacks by combining connection-rate limiting at Read article

⏱ 5 min read Bot Detection Service: Overview and Requirements A bot detection service distinguishes automated traffic from legitimate human users in real time. Read article

⏱ 5 min read Metadata Catalog: Overview and Requirements A metadata catalog is the central directory of data assets in an organization. It enables Read article

⏱ 5 min read Data Lineage Service: Overview and Requirements A data lineage service tracks the origin, transformation, and movement of data across a Read article

⏱ 5 min read A service dependency map provides a real-time, queryable graph of which services call which other services, derived automatically from distributed Read article

⏱ 5 min read A span collector is the ingestion backbone of a distributed tracing system. It receives high-throughput span streams from many services, Read article