⏱ 11 min read Document Store System: Overview A document store persists and retrieves arbitrary JSON documents. Unlike relational databases, it does not enforce […] Read article

⏱ 9 min read Synonym Expansion System: Overview Synonym expansion augments search queries with equivalent or related terms so that a search for “automobile” Read article

⏱ 9 min read Spell Checker System: Overview A spell checker takes an input word (potentially misspelled) and returns a ranked list of correction Read article

⏱ 9 min read Typeahead Autocomplete System: Overview A typeahead (autocomplete) system returns ranked query completions as the user types, with latency under 50ms Read article

⏱ 8 min read Proximity Search System: Overview A proximity search system finds entities (restaurants, drivers, users) within a geographic radius of a query Read article

⏱ 8 min read Graph Search System: Overview A graph search system enables queries over a network of nodes and edges — users, connections, Read article

⏱ 7 min read Recommendation Feedback Loop: Overview A recommendation system without a feedback loop becomes stale. The feedback loop closes the cycle: collect Read article

⏱ 8 min read Why Model Serving Is Not Trivial Deploying a model to production is an engineering discipline separate from training one. A Read article

⏱ 9 min read Streaming ETL Pipeline Low-Level Design A streaming ETL pipeline continuously consumes events from a message broker, transforms them in real Read article

⏱ 9 min read Data Lake Architecture Low-Level Design A data lake is a centralized repository that stores structured and unstructured data at any Read article

⏱ 9 min read Database Schema Migration System Low-Level Design A schema migration system manages the evolution of a database schema alongside application code. Read article

⏱ 9 min read Query Optimizer Low-Level Design A query optimizer transforms a parsed SQL query into an efficient execution plan. The optimizer evaluates Read article

⏱ 9 min read A health check service continuously probes every service in a platform, aggregates results through a dependency graph, classifies health states, Read article

⏱ 8 min read An audit logging system records every significant action in a platform — who did what to which resource, when, and Read article

⏱ 8 min read A secrets management system stores, distributes, and rotates sensitive credentials — database passwords, API keys, TLS certificates, and cloud credentials Read article